Cases mentioned

• Urgenda Foundation v. The State of The Netherlands
• Urgenda v Netherlands [2015] The Hague District Court C/09/456689.
• Urgenda v Netherlands [2018] The Hague Court of Appeal 200.178.245/01.

For more country specific context and relevant national climate change law see: https://climate-laws.org/geographies/netherlands

This country report has been produced by Lien Stolle, C2LI Research Assistant, Humzah Khan, C2LI Senior Research Assistant and Kate McKenzie, C2LI Legal Analyst with the collaboration of Carlotta Garofalo, C2LI Research Assistant and Jonathan Verschuuren, C2LI National Rapporteur. This summary is based on Jonathan Verschuuren, “Climate Change and the Individual in the Netherlands” in F. Sindico and M. Moise Mbengue, Comparative Climate Change Litigation: Beyond the Usual Suspects, Springer, 2021.